When working with businesses in the UK, confirming their VAT registration status can be important for compliance, trust, and correct invoicing. In this guide, we'll explore how to check if a business is VAT-registered and how to validate a VAT number.
What is a VAT registration number?
A VAT registration number (VRN) is a unique identifier for businesses in the UK that are registered for Value Added Tax (VAT). Companies are required to register for VAT if their taxable turnover exceeds a certain threshold, which is reviewed annually by HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC). Once registered, businesses must charge VAT on goods and services they sell and can reclaim VAT on eligible expenses.
What does a VAT number look like?
In the UK, a VAT number is typically nine digits long with the prefix GB. Different formats apply within the European Union (EU), where the structure may vary depending on the country. A standard UK VAT number might look like this: GB 123 4567 89
💡Editor's insight: "For Northern Ireland, VAT numbers begin with ‘XI’ instead of ‘GB’. For example, XI 123 4567 89."
How to find a company’s VAT number
Finding a company’s VAT number is a straightforward process (if you know where to look). Businesses registered for VAT are legally required to provide their VAT number on specific documents, making it relatively easy. Learn more in our full guide to how to find a VAT number in the UK.
Look at the company’s invoice or receipt
When you purchase goods or services from a VAT-registered business, they are obligated to include their VAT number on the invoice or receipt. The number is typically placed near the top or bottom of the document, alongside other business details like the company name, address, and total VAT charged.
Check the company’s website
Many businesses list their VAT registration number in the footer of their website. You might also find them on a page dedicated to corporate information, like Terms and Conditions, Privacy Policy, or About Us.
Examine official company documents
VAT numbers are frequently found on other official documents like quotes, contracts, or order confirmations. If you have correspondence from the company, reviewing these documents can help you find the VAT number.
Contact the company directly
If you can't locate the VAT number, reach out to the business and ask. Legitimate businesses should readily provide their VAT number when requested, especially if you need it for compliance or reclaiming VAT.
Use an online VAT search tool
For larger or well-known companies, there are online databases and VAT-checking tools. While these services may not always be free, they provide a quick way to search for or validate VAT numbers using the company’s details.
How do I check a VAT number is valid?
To ensure a VAT number is legitimate, follow these steps:
Contact HMRC for UK numbers
To check a UK VAT number, you can contact HMRC’s VAT helpline (0300 200 3700) or use third-party online tools that access HMRC data. These tools can confirm if the number is currently registered.
Check the format and structure
A UK VAT number should follow the nine-digit format with a GB prefix. If the number does not match this format, it may be incorrect or invalid.
Use the VIES VAT checker
The VIES tool (available on the European Commission website) allows you to verify the validity of a VAT number for businesses registered in the EU. Simply enter the VAT number and select the relevant country.
Why check if a company is VAT registered?
Verifying a company’s VAT status offers several significant advantages and safeguards:
To ensure tax compliance
Only VAT-registered businesses are legally allowed to charge VAT on goods and services. By confirming a company’s registration, you can ensure the VAT you’re being charged is compliant with UK tax laws. This reduces the risk of unknowingly participating in fraudulent transactions.
To claim VAT on expenses
If your own business is VAT-registered, you can reclaim VAT on qualifying expenses. However, to do this, you must have a valid VAT invoice from a registered supplier. Checking their VAT number helps avoid delays or issues during your VAT return process.
To reduce the risk of fraudulent activities
Fraudulent companies may attempt to charge VAT without being registered, pocketing the extra charge. Verifying the VAT number protects you from falling victim to VAT fraud, which could lead to financial loss and complications with HMRC.
To maintain accurate financial records
VAT compliance involves accurate record-keeping. Ensuring that you're working with VAT-registered companies and verifying their numbers helps maintain correct financial records and avoids errors during HMRC reviews.
Three ways to check an EU VAT number
When dealing with businesses in EU countries, verifying their VAT registration is essential to avoid complications with cross-border tax regulations. Here’s how to check:
1. Use the VIES system
The VAT Information Exchange System (VIES) is the official EU tool for checking VAT numbers. You’ll need to select the country and input the VAT number to verify its status.
2. National databases
Some EU countries offer additional online verification services that can be accessed through their national tax authority websites.
3. Consult with a tax adviser
For more complex situations involving VAT in different jurisdictions, a professional tax adviser can provide guidance.
FAQs
Does Companies House tell you if a company is VAT registered?
No, Companies House does not provide information about a company’s VAT registration. Companies House is responsible for company registration and maintaining company records, but VAT status is handled by HMRC. To check VAT registration, you need to use HMRC’s resources or contact the company directly.
Is a private limited company VAT registered?
Not all private limited companies are VAT registered. Businesses are only required to register for VAT if their taxable turnover exceeds £90,000 (as of the latest VAT threshold). However, companies below this threshold can register voluntarily if they choose to reclaim VAT on their purchases.
When should a company register for VAT?
A business must register for VAT when its taxable turnover exceeds the VAT registration threshold. As of 2025, this limit is £90,000 per year. Businesses can also choose to register voluntarily if they expect to exceed the threshold soon or wish to reclaim VAT on purchases.
Does incorporating a company automatically register you for VAT?
No, registering a company at Companies House does not automatically register the business for VAT. VAT registration is a separate process managed by HMRC. To incorporate a company, you'll need a memorandum and articles of association and an IN01 form.
Final thoughts
Knowing how to find out if a company is VAT registered and checking the validity of its VAT number is an important step in protecting your business. With tools like the VIES system for EU VAT numbers and HMRC for UK-specific checks, it’s easy to confirm a company’s status. Always ensure invoices are compliant, and don’t hesitate to verify numbers if something seems off - accuracy matters when it comes to tax and financial records.
Need legal advice? Our small business solicitors are here to help. Get in touch today for a free quote to see how we can help.
References
VAT rates from Gov.UK
How VAT works from Gov.UK